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ULYSSES S. GRANT (1822 – 1885) US General who rose to Commander of the Union forces for the final year of the Civil War. Grant was an able commander who improved the performances of the Union army. In 1863, he captured Vicksburg and the Mississippi River, cutting the Confederacy in two. In 1864, he surrounded the Confederate Army in Richmond. It was Grant who accepted the surrender of Confederate forces in April 1865. After the Civil War, Grant became the 18th President of the US.
On April 12, 1861, the American Civil War began when Confederate troops attacked Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina.The news came as a shock in Galena, and Grant shared his neighbors' concern about the war. On April 15, Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers. On April 16, Grant attended a mass meeting held in Galena to assess the crisis and encourage recruitment, and a speech by his father's attorney, John Aaron Rawlins, stirred Grant's patriotism. Ready to fight, Grant recalled with satisfaction, "I never went into our leather store again."On April 18, Grant chaired a second recruitment meeting,but turned down a captain's position as commander of the newly-formed militia company, hoping his previous experience would aid him to obtain more senior military rank.Grant's early efforts to be recommissioned failed, rejected by Major General George B. McClellan and Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon. On April 29, supported by Congressman Elihu B. Washburne of Illinois, Grant was appointed military aide to Governor Richard Yates and mustered ten regiments into the Illinois militia. On August 5, with Washburne's aid, Grant was appointed Brigadier General of volunteers.Major General John C. Frémont, Union commander of the West.
